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Southwick pronounced ) is a small town and civil parish in the Adur District of West Sussex, England located five miles (8km) west of Brighton and a suburb of the East Sussex resort City of Brighton & Hove. The civil parish covers an area of 863.7 hectares ( 2,134.25 acres) and has a population of 13,195 persons (2001 census). The town is loosely divided into three sections: south of Brighton Road is the harbour with its associated industries and businesses; north of Brighton Road up to Old Shoreham Road is mainly residential properties dating from the middle of the nineteenth century to the 1950s; and the area between Old Shoreham Road and the South Downs being the most recent to be developed, also largely residential. The main road which passes through the town is now designated the A259 coast road. The A27 road bypasses the town to its north. ==History== Southwick was recorded in the Domesday book (1085): ''Nigel holds Esmerwick of William. Azor held it of King Edward. Then, and now, it vouched for one hide and a half. There is land for 4 ploughs. In demesne are 2 ploughs, and 4 villeins and 6 bordars with 2 ploughs. In the time of King Edward it was worth 40 shillings, and afterwards 30 shillings. Now 4 pounds''. In that excerpt, the village is referred to by its Saxon name, Esmerewick, meaning ''East pool hamlet''. The village was first recorded as Suthewicke in 1309. The town grew as the coast became a popular holiday destination, many of the properties being tourist accommodation. The railway arrived in the town on 12 May 1840, being the original terminus. Beneath Manor Hall Road lies a first century AD Roman villa. It was an elabotrately-decorated lavish residence similar in design to Fishbourne Roman Palace. The site was acquired by the Sussex Archaeological Trust in 1931 and part of the villa was opened to the viewing public during summer months. In 1953-4 the site was sold to a property developer and in 1965 the Methodist church on Manor Hall Road was built. The site now lies below housing and there are corresponding road names in the area, such as Roman Road, and Roman Crescent. The Manor Cottage and what used to be the doctor's surgery are of historic interest. One of the town's schools, Eastbrook; was formerly known as Manor Hall Middle School; suggesting that there may have been a larger manor linked with the cottage. Kings Cottages on Southwick Green is reputed to be where King Charles II stayed overnight before escaping to France from the fishing village of Brighthelmstone (now Brighton). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Southwick, West Sussex」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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